CHAPTER 11 · 24 passages
Within the Western Seas
海內西經
Select a chapter to begin. Hover over or tap a Chinese character to see its pinyin pronunciation. Select an underlined name to explore its Taiji card. Keyboard: focus a passage, then use Left and Right Arrow to inspect characters. Escape closes pronunciation.
Translator’s note
The singular pronoun is conventionally understood to refer to 危. The wording about his hands and hair is retained from this version.
Translator’s note
流沙 is a named tract of shifting or flowing sand, not securely a conventional river. The source describes its course with river-like verbs, which are retained.
Translator’s note
The alternative sentence repeats “district” language in a difficult way; it is not harmonised with a later administrative map.
Translator’s note
Tree-grain, 木禾, is a wondrous cereal growing like a tree. Xun, ren, and the girth measure 圍 are ancient units, left unconverted. The epithet 仁羿 is retained as “benevolent 羿.”
Translator’s note
The repeated directions are retained from the source; they have not been reconciled with a modern map.
Translator’s note
瞂 is an ancient shield-word; the birds' unusual adornment is retained. 聖木曼兌 and 挺木牙交 admit other divisions and readings. Shì Ròu [視肉] is a wondrous flesh-like being or substance, explained in later commentary as self-renewing.
Translator’s note
距 in the healing clause is difficult; “restore” follows the traditional understanding that the shamans seek to revive him.
Translator’s note
The posture-word 梯 is difficult; leaning against a stand follows a traditional interpretation. 勝 is an ancient hair ornament or headdress.

